Uganda

These findings are important in informing implementation of new health technologies, plans, and budgets in low-resourced national disease control programmes.

Integrated management of malaria vectors in Uganda remains an underdeveloped component of malaria control policy.

Prescription of antibiotics in patients with febrile illness is high.

It was more feasible to implement parasite-based diagnosis for malaria using RDT than with microscopy.

RDT was cost effective in both low and high transmission settings.

The data further indicate that co-infections with malaria and NTDs are common, implying that integrated interventions for NTDs and malaria are likely to maximize cost-effectiveness and sustainability of disease control efforts.

Malaria with neurological involvement affects behaviour, with a minimal effect on attention but no detectable effect on academic achievement at three months post discharge.

Under conditions in Western Uganda the tested long-lasting insecticidal net Interceptor(R) fulfilled the criteria for phase III of WHO evaluations and, based on preliminary criteria of the useful life, this product is estimated to last on average between three and four years.

The empirical map of malaria parasitaemia risk for Uganda presented in this paper is the first based on coherent, national survey data, and can serve as a baseline to guide and evaluate the continuous implementation of control activities.

Community health workers can be trained to use RDTs and timers to assess and manage malaria and pneumonia in children.