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Expert Blogs

We thought we were down to 655.000 deaths in 2010, right?

Year after year in December we're seeing the fruits of our collective efforts to combat malaria reflected in the 'World Malaria Report' series produced by the World Health Organisation. And in those reports, year after year, we saw progression in terms of falling numbers of deaths. But today we're confronted with a harsh reality - the figures that were presented to us were off. Way off.

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Let the sun shine

The openness of scientists involved in the creation of genetic control methods against mosquitoes has been questioned in popular press and activist outlets. Therefore the results of a recent survey on this subject deserve attention. Do scientists want to conduct their research without oversight and public engagement?
 

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Guest Editorial: Don't fake it!

This guest editorial was written by Dr. Lotte Van Dijk in The Netherlands.
 
Many of you will have come across counterfeit or substandard drugs in your careers and I’m sure many of you will understand my frustration. Therefore, I was really happy to see that the study on poor-quality anti-malarials by Dr Paul Newton and his team got the attention of the media. Even though their study was not large-scale and even though it cannot provide an accurate estimation of the prevalence of the fake anti-malarials all over Africa, it does provide an insight into the seriousness of the problem: it is severe!

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The last 'Last week at MalariaWorld' of 2011...a special message for you.

Behind the scenes at MalariaWorld, we keep a close eye on where our site visitors originate from. Nothing secretive (and we don't see names, so do not worry!), it's just Google analytics that I receive every single week.

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Seeing Red in Molecular Biology Labs

Quick question: For those of you who work in a recombinant DNA lab, what is the most hazardous chemical that you use on a daily basis? To put it another way, what chemical do you ALWAYS wear gloves to handle? Probably the same one that I do, but risk perception and reality aren’t always the same thing.
 

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Book Review: Integrated Vector Management, by Graham Matthews

Book Details
 
Matthews, J.R.: Integrated Vector Management. Wiley-Blackwell; 2011, 234 pp. ISBN-13: 978-0-4706-5966-3 (hardcover)
 
Review
 
When around the world discussions are ongoing on how best to sustain successes in malaria control gained over the last decade, particularly in the African region, this book by Emeritus Professor Graham Matthews comes as a welcome volume to put things into perspective.
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The Truth About GM Mosquitoes Is Not Enough

Can we be confident that if we get the facts out that genetic control of mosquitoes will be accepted for testing to prevent diseases? In the face of anti-GM activists, scientists have their hands tied by an intractable force – a professional demand to simply present the facts. Should scientists become more persuasive by becoming activists?
 

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Mosquito Net Distribution Drive Blotched

The article below was contributed by journalist Ntaryike Divine Jr. (Douala, Cameroon) as part of the SjCOOP project in collaboration with MalariaWorld.
 
On August 20 2011 amid bloated pomp, Cameroon’s Prime Minister Philemon Yang flagged off a countrywide government campaign to distribute over 8.6 million long lasting insecticidal mosquito bednets gratis.  But the operation that was initially slated to span a dozen days from 8 to 20 September is yet to take off in six of the country’s ten administrative regions.

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Persistence Pays: piggyBac Remobilization in Anopheles

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Dave O’brochta of the University of Maryland has long insisted that merely developing the capacity to perform germline transformation of mosquitoes is not enough to claim a full-blown forward-genetic manipulation system.

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WHO: Zero malaria deaths by 2015 was 'wildly ambitious goal'

Today Roll Back Malaria published a 'Leadership Interview' with Dr. Newman, Director of WHO's Global Malaria Programme and Mr. Brandling-Bennett, Deputy Director of the malaria programme at the Gates Foundation. For the full interview, see here. This interview marks an important development: WHO declares that the Millennium Development Goal's target of zero deaths by the year 2015 'was a wildly ambitious goal'. Are we seeing the first cracks in the promises made at the beginning of this millennium?

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Malaria can be eliminated from Africa

A perspective article carrying the above title appeared in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene this month. As it was freely accessible I have taken the liberty to attach it to this editorial (hoping the publisher will not come after me...) for those of you that have not seen it. 

In it, Carlos Campbell and Rick Steketee inject encouragement into all of us that we have made substantial gains in the battle against malaria over the last decade, and that with the same relentlessness we may actually succeed in wiping the scourge off the continent. The article is a pleasant read when one starts up the computer and reads this first thing in the morning...
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They’re off – and running? Dengue resistant Aedes aegypti

Hoffmann et al. recently reported a highly noteworthy establishment of Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti in two Australian towns. With the potential to greatly reduce the dengue risk in these communities, this bio-control is a remarkable demonstration of the potential for heritable factors to interfere with disease. The project is off to a great start. The big question is, can the technology finish the race? And how much push will be required to make it happen? I’ll make my prediction about where this is headed.

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Open Access 2.0: Power in our own hands!

When students embark on research in the field of malaria they receive a pile of published articles from their supervisors to bring them up to speed. Great papers in Nature and Science, and students, for sure, hope that one day their names will appear in the list of authors on an article in one of these journals. Remember that feeling? I sure do. And did. But the world is changing...

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Should we start a training course for journalists?

The past few weeks have been good for the press when it gets to malaria. First they discovered what many of us knew all along: that resistance to pyrethroids is on the rise and may jeopardise the usefulness of LLINs. Then they marvelled at the 'outbreak' in Greece, where six were diagnosed with P. vivax malaria without ever having left the country. And this week's high is the story that mosquito numbers in Africa are dropping for some mysterious reason. The more money that goes into malaria research, the more scientists are coming out with remarkable findings, and the press gulps it up and make the stories ever more gripping. Which I understand...

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What makes new tools become mainstream?

As I write the title of this editorial I know that I don’t have the answer to it. But it is an issue that is a lot on my mind these days. Let me tell you why...

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Waking up in the face of resistance?

Sometimes you come across articles that blow your mind. You read them and feel your heartbeat increasing. Each sentence you finish makes you wonder more what is going on here. What the politics are, who's really behind it, and what the goal of it is....

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Book: The Moses of Malaria

The book 'The Moses of Malaria', authored by Dr. Jan Peter Verhave, which was published recently by Erasmus Publishing in The Netherlands (find more information here), is all about the life and work of Professor Nicolaas Swellengrebel (1885-1970), beyond doubt one of the most important and influential scientists of 20th Century Holland.

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Eight Million Treated Mosquito Nets Due Distribution In Cameroon

The article below was contributed by journalist Ntaryike Divine Jr. (Douala, Cameroon) as part of the SjCOOP project in collaboration with MalariaWorld.

The government of Cameroon is verging on enacting one of its biggest efforts yet in its protracting battle against malaria, which has obstinately upheld its status as the country’s leading killer disease.  Over 8 million treated mosquito nets are due distribution by August ending in the malaria-endemic Central African nation which is home to 20 million inhabitants.
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Uganda: ACT treatment is too expensive

The article below was contributed by journalist Hope Mafaranga (Uganda) as part of the SjCOOP project in collaboration with MalariaWorld.

The government of Uganda wants people to use Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT) for treating malaria but the treatment is too expensive and there’s not enough available of this medicine. 
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Cameroon: Mosquito-proof Housing As Malaria Transmission Antidote

The article below was contributed by journalist Ntaryike Divine Jr. (Douala, Cameroon) as part of the SjCOOP project in collaboration with MalariaWorld.

For several years, bednets and insecticide spraying have served as priority weapons in the fight against malaria transmission across Africa.  However, the defiant vampire vectors and malaria parasites in their mad quests for survival have regularly altered tactics, formulating resistance to insecticides and even drugs to maintain their claim on human lives. 
 
 
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Hot or hot air? Media acclaim of gene drive in a mosquito

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You’ve probably noticed that the number of pages in newspapers and science journals does not expand and contract much while the importance of underlying news stories varies wildly. So is the hoopla surrounding the recent report of a demonstration of gene drive in mosquitoes about something hot or just a bunch of hot air? I’ll tell you what I think.

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Cameroon Introduces Rapid Malaria Diagnosis

The article below was contributed by journalist Ntaryike Divine Jr. (Douala, Cameroon) as part of the SjCOOP project in collaboration with MalariaWorld.

The government of Cameroon is opting for an innovative approach in its ongoing efforts at winning the protracting battle against malaria.  By the end of April, it will begin doling out some 800.000 kits designed for rapid malaria tests to healthcare facilities nationwide. 
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ACTs: What will happen when the cat gets out of the bag?

Most of us that have worked in the field of malaria for a few decades have gone through periods where we suddenly noticed changes in drug policy. When chloroquine was replaced by sulfadoxine-pyremethamine as a first-line drug, later to be replaced by artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs).

But the world is now faced with a new challenge. That of preventing artemisinin resistance from escaping south-east Asia. Without anything to replace it (yet), this is a looming catastrophe, according to Joel Breman in an interview with TropIKA.net. It may still be confined to the Thai-Cambodia border, although nobody really nows have far it has spread.

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Malaria Group Seeks Permanent Home in Cameroon

The article below was contributed by journalist Leocadia Bongben (Cameroon) as part of the SjCOOP project in collaboration with MalariaWorld.

An international alliance of malaria scientists, whose secretariat has roved around the planet until now, is planning to settle down permanently in Yaoundé.  

The Multilateral Initiative for Malaria (MIM), established in 1997, was previously headquartered in London, Washington, Stockholm and Dar es Salaam.

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Entomopathogenic fungi against the malaria vector Anopheles funestus: PhD thesis Dr. Joel Mouatcho

The use of entomopathogenic fungi as a means to control populations of adult malaria vectors is gaining increased attention. Recently we reported on the PhD thesis of Dr. Marit Farenhorst, and below we report the findings from the PhD of Dr. Joel Mouatcho, who recently graduated from the University of Witwatersrand in South Africa.

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Special issue of PLoS Medicine on a Global Research Agenda for Malaria Eradication

The editors of the open access general medical journal PLoS Medicine are delighted to announce the publication of a collection of 12 reviews, comprising three reflective pieces and nine research and development agendas, as part of a sponsored Supplement. The Collection comprises the output of countless hours of discussion and debate by those involved in the malERA initiative and we hope that by publishing this Collection better transparency in defining research priorities will be achieved for malariologists around the world. The articles also provide fascinating insights into what the selected malaria experts who took part agree are the priority research themes that must be tackled in order to eradicate malaria.   

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Let it snow: field-testing malaria-refractory strains by inundation

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In July of 2010, the Mike Riehle lab reported that they had created a transgenic strain of Anopheles stephensi that was refractory to malaria (first author Corby-Harris (here and here). However, as they noted, there is no way to spread the transgene into wild populations thus making this an important laboratory finding waiting for an undeveloped drive mechanism. I’ll argue that this provides an opportunity rather than a hurdle. How? Read on.

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Guest Editorial: Is eliminating malaria hopeless?

Chris Blattman is an Assistant Professor of Political Science & Economics at Yale University. He uses field work and statistics to study poverty, political participation, the causes and consequences of violence, and policy in developing countries. Read his website here. I invited Chris to post his blog on malaria on the MW platform, shown below.

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Guest Editorial: Hunger or Malaria?

Below a blog contribution from Lotte Vermij, who I invited to send us this guest editorial after I saw her article in a Dutch magazine. Lotte kindly translated it in English.
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Happy New Year! Getting serious about GMO risks in 2011

As a gift to start 2011, I thought I’d help the anti-GMO-no-way-no-how folks with a critique of their arguments, and I’ll offer some real meat for them with which they might get greater respect. Let’s start 2011 by establishing some common ground.
 
 

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